NR586NP Week 5: Discussion Population-Based Research Article

Preparing the Discussion

Follow these guidelines when completing each component of the discussion. Contact your course faculty if you have questions.

General Instructions

Locate a scholarly article describing population-based research using a case-control or cohort study design. Provide a detailed critique of the selected article, addressing the questions below.

Include the following sections:

1. Application of Course Knowledge: Answer all questions/criteria with explanations and detail.

• • What is the study design (case-control or cohort study)? Briefly describe the key features of the chosen study design. Discuss any strengths or limitations associated with the chosen study design.
  • Describe the sampling method employed in the study. Was it representative of the target population? Discuss any potential sources of selection bias.
  • Assess the quality of data collection methods. Were the measures used valid and reliable? Discuss any challenges or limitations associated with data collection in the study.
  • Summarize the main findings of the study.
  • Describe how you may apply these findings to your practice as an advanced practice nurse.

2. Integration of Evidence: Integrate relevant scholarly sources as defined by program expectationsLinks to an external site.:

• • Cite a scholarly source in the initial post.
  • Cite a scholarly source in one faculty response post.
  • Cite a scholarly source in one peer post.
  • Accurately analyze, synthesize, and/or apply principles from evidence with no more than one short quote (15 words or less) for the week.
  • Include a minimum of two different scholarly sources per week. Cite all references and provide references for all citations.

Solution:NR586NP Week 5: Discussion Population-Based Research Article

Study Design

The scholarly article identified is “Thyroid cancer and its associated factors: A population-based case-control study” by Parad et al. (2021). The study is a case-control study, as it compares individuals diagnosed with thyroid cancer (cases) to those without the disease (controls) to identify associated risk factors. As described by Andrade (2022), the key features of case-control studies include:

• They compare individuals with a condition (cases) to a similar group without the condition (controls).
• They are cross-sectional as cases and controls are identified and evaluated for historical exposures, caseness, and confounding variables at a given point in time.
• They are observational (looking back to observe associations without any intervention).
• They are prospective when they involve real-time identification and interview of cases and controls and retrospective when cases and controls and identified in and studied from historical medical records or electronic health care databases.
• They are efficient for studying rare diseases or conditions with long latency periods.
• They use odds ratios (OR) to estimate risk.

The strengths of case-control studies are that they are cost-effective and time-efficient compared to cohort studies; suitable for rare diseases like thyroid cancer; and allow investigation of multiple risk factors (Andrade, 2022).

The limitations are that they are prone to recall bias, as participants may not accurately remember past exposures; selection bias (if controls are not truly representative of the population); and do not not establish causations (only associations) (Andrade, 2022).

Sampling Method and Representativeness

The study selected cases from the Iranian National Cancer Registry database, ensuring newly diagnosed patients. Controls were selected from the neighborhood of cases and frequency-matched for age and gender. The control group was randomly selected from the same geographic region as the cases (K&B province), which enhances representativeness. However, neighborhood controls may introduce socioeconomic similarities that could affect risk factor distribution. Potential selection bias arises from the exclusion of individuals without pathology reports (which…….Click the paypal icon to purchase full solution for $5

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